<¿µ¹®Çؼ® ÈÆ·Ã>(26))
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(26) to /tu:/[Åõ¿ì]
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prep.
ÁÖ·Î ÀüÄ¡»ç·Î¼ ¾²ÀÌÁö¸¸ ¡®´ÝÈ÷¾î¡¯ÀÇ ¶æÀÇ ºÎ»ç·Î¼ÀÇ ¿ë¹ýµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀüÄ¡»ç·Î´Â a ÀϹÝÀû ¿ë¹ý°ú b ºÎÁ¤»ç¿ÍÀÇ °áÇÕÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀüÄ¡»ç toÀÇ ±Ùº» ¶æ(ƯÈ÷ a¡¯1 b)Àº ¿ì¸®¸»ÀÇ ¡®±îÁö¡¯¡®·Î¡¯ÀÇ ¶æ¿¡ ±ØÈ÷ °¡±î¿ì¸ç ¿îµ¿(»óÅÂÀÇ ÃßÀÌ)ÀÌ µµ´ÞÁ¡À̳ª °á°ú¡¤ÇѰ踦 °®´Â Á¡¿¡ Ư¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
a ¡ìÀϹÝÀû ¿ë¹ý¡í
¨ç ⦗¹æÇâ⦘ a) ⦗´Ü¼øÇÑ ¹æÇâ⦘ ¡¦ÂÊÀ¸·Î¡²¿¡¡³; ¡¦·Î; ¡¦À» ÇâÇÏ¿©
• turn to the right (¿À¸¥-À¸·Î µ¹´Ù)
• point to the door (¹®(ÂÊ)À» °¡¸®Å°´Ù)
• the park is to the north of paris. (°ø-Àº ÆÄ- ºÏÂÊ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.)
¡¶ºñ±³: the park is in the north of paris. / °ø¿øÀº Æĸ® ºÏºÎ (¾È)¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù¡·.
b) ⦗µµÂøÀÇ ¶æÀ» ÇÔÃà½ÃŲ ¹æÇâ⦘ ¡¦±îÁö, ¡¦·Î¡²¿¡¡³
• go to the office (ȸ-¿¡ Ãâ-ÇÏ´Ù)
• he fell to the ground. (±×´Â -¿¡ ¾²-Á³´Ù.)
c) ¡¶ºñÀ¯Àû¡· ¡¦ÂÊÀ¸·Î, ¡¦°æÇâ¿¡
• he has little tendency to laziness.
(±×°¡ ³ª~ÇØÁú ~ÇâÀº °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù.)
¨è ⦗ÇàÀ§¡¤µ¿ÀÛ¡¤ÀÛ¿ëÀÇ ´ë»ó⦘ a) ¡¦¿¡(°Ô), ¡¦·Î; ¡¦¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©
• appeal to public opinion (~·Ð¿¡ È£~ÇÏ´Ù)
• i¡¯d like to talk to you. (´ç½Å°ú ÀÌ--¸¦ ÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù.)
• no one did any harm to him. (¾Æ¹«µµ ±×¿¡°Ô ÇØ- °¡-- ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
• there can be no answer to this problem.
(ÀÌ ¹®-¿¡ ´ëÇØ-´Â ¾Æ¹«·¡µµ ´ë-ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.)
b) ⦗µÚ¿¡ ¿À´Â °£Á¢¸ñÀû¾îÀÇ ¾Õ¿¡¼⦘ ¡¦¿¡°Ô
• i gave it to her.(=¡¶µå¹°°Ô¡· i gave her it.)
( ³ ±×°ÍÀ» ±×³à¿¡°Ô ÁÖ--.)
• he sent the book to me.¡¶ºñ±³: he sent me the book.¡·.
( ±×´Â ~¿¡°Ô ~À» º¸³Â´Ù.)
c) ⦗¸í»ç¡¤Çü¿ë»ç¡¤µ¿»çÀÇ Àû¿ë ¹æÇâÀ» º¸¿©⦘ ¡¦¿¡(°Ô) ÀÖ¾î, ¡¦¿¡°Ô
• you are everything to me. (´ç½ÅÀº ~°Ô (ÀÖ¾î) ¾ø~¼± ¾È ~ Á¸~¿¹¿ä.)
• to me this seems silly. (ÀÌ°Ç ~¿¡°Ô´Â --°Ô »ý°¢µÈ´Ù.)
• his purpose was unknown to me. (³ª·Î¼´Â ±×ÀÇ ¸ñ-À» ¾Ë ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù.)
¨é ⦗º¯ÈÀÇ ¹æÇâ⦘ ¡¦ÇÏ°Ô, ¡¦(À¸)·Î
• he rose to fame. (±×´Â À¯-ÇØÁ³´Ù.)
• bring it to a stop (±×°ÍÀ» ¸Ø-°Ô¡²¼°Ô, ¸øÇÏ°Ô¡³ÇÏ´Ù.)
• the total came to $50. ( ~°è 50´Þ·¯°¡ ~¾ú´Ù.)
• things went from bad to worse. (~Å´ ~¿í ~ȵǾú´Ù.)
¨ê ⦗ÇÑ°è; Á¾Á¾ up to⦘ a) ⦗µµ´ÞÁ¡À» ³ªÅ¸³»¾î¼⦘ ¡¦±îÁö, ¡¦¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö
• from beginning to end (ó-ºÎÅÍ ³¡-Áö)
• all wet to the skin (~»¶ ~¾î)
b) ⦗¶§¡¤½Ã°£ÀÇ ÇÑ°è⦘ ¡¦±îÁö(until); (¡¦ºÐ) Àü(¡¶¹Ì±¹¡· of, before)
• from monday to friday ( ¿ù¿ä—ÅÍ ±Ý¿äÀÏ-Áö )
¡¶ÈçÈ÷ friday±îÁö Æ÷ÇÔµÇÁö¸¸, Æ÷ÇÔÀÇ ¶æÀ» Á» ´õ È®½ÇÈ÷ Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© Á¾Á¾
¡¶¿µ±¹¡· from ... to ... inclusive,
¡¶¹Ì±¹¡·¿¡¼´Â (from) ... through ¡¦ÀÇ Çü½ÄÀ» ÃëÇÔ¡·
• we work from nine to five. ( )
¡¶´Ü¼øÈ÷ ¡®5½Ã±îÁö ÀÏÇÏ´Ù¡¯´Â ̽work to five°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó work until ¡²till¡³ five¡·
• it¡¯s an hour to dinner. (~½Ä»ç±îÁö ÇÑ ½Ã°£(Àº) ~´Ù.)
• it¡¯s five (minutes) to six.(=¡¶±¸¾î¡· it¡¯s five fifty-five.).
(¿©¼¸½Ã 5ºÐ ~ÀÌ´Ù.)
¨ë ⦗Á¤µµ¡¤¹üÀ§⦘ ¡¦¿¡(À̸£±â)±îÁö
• to a degree (±¸¾î) (¸Å¿ì, ´Ù¼Ò°£, ¾à°£)
they cooperated, to a degree. ±×µéÀº ¾î´À Á¤µµ±îÁö´Â Çù·ÂÇß´Ù.
• to some extent (¾î´À Á¤-±îÁö)
to some extent what she argues is true.
¾î´À Á¤µµ´Â ±×³à°¡ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â ¹Ù°¡ ¿Ç´Ù.
• to the minute (1ºÐµµ Ʋ~Áö ¾Ê°í)
the train arrived at 9.05 to the minute.
±âÂ÷´Â 9½Ã 5ºÐ¿¡ Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô µµÂøÇß´Ù.
• tear a letter to pieces ( Æí-¸¦ °¥°¡¸® -´Ù)
• i enjoyed to the full. (³ ~ÄÆ ~°å´Ù.)
¨ì ⦗¸ñÀû⦘ ¡¦À» À§ÇÏ¿©, ¡¦ÇÏ·¯
• sit down to dinner (Àú³á—¸¦ À§ÇØ(¼) ÀÚ-¿¡ ¾É´Ù)
• here¡¯s to your health! (ÀÚ-ÀÇ °Ç-À» À§ÇÏ¿© Ãà¹è!)
¡Ú À¯ÀÍÀ» ¶æÇÏ´Â ¡®¡¦À» À§ÇØ¡¯´Â for:
wine is good for the health. (Æ÷µµÁÖ´Â ~¿¡ ÁÁ´Ù.)
¨í ⦗°á°ú¡¤È¿°ú⦘
a) ⦗ÈçÈ÷ to a person¡¯s¿¡ °¨Á¤À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¸í»ç°¡ ¿Í¼⦘ ¡¦ÇÏ°Ôµµ, ¡¦ÇÑ °ÍÀº
• much to the delight of the children (¾ÆÀÌ— ¹«Ã´ ÁÁ¾Æ- °ÍÀº)
b) ¡¦ÇÏ°Ô µÇ±â±îÁö, ±× °á°ú¡¦
• be starved to death (±¾¾î ~´Ù)
• be moved to tears (°¨~ÇÏ¿© ¿ï´Ù)
c) ⦗°á°ú¡¤È¿°ú¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ±¸¸¦ À̲ø¾î⦘
• to no purpose (Çê~ÀÌ)
i have labored to no purpose[in vain].
³ª´Â ¼ö°íÇÑ º¸¶÷ÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
¨î ⦗Á¢ÃË¡¤°áÇÕ¡¤ºÎÂø⦘ ¡¦¿¡, ¡¦À§¿¡; ¡¦¿¡ ºÙÀ̾î
• put one¡¯s ear to the door (-¿¡ -¸¦ °®´Ù ´ë´Ù)
• apply paint to the wall (-¿¡ ÆäÀÎ-¸¦ Ä¥ÇÏ´Ù)
• stick¡²hold¡³to one¡¯s opinion ( ÀÚ±âÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» °í~¡²°í¼ö¡³ÇÏ´Ù )
• they live next door to us. (±×— ¿ì¸® ÀÌ-¿¡ »ì°í ÀÖ´Ù.)
¨ð a) ⦗ÀûÇÕ¡¤ÀÏÄ¡⦘ ¡¦¿¡ ¸ÂÃß¾î(¼), ¡¦¿¡ ¸Â¾Æ; ¡¦´ë·Î(ÀÇ)
• made to order (ÁÖ-- µû¶ó ¸¸µç, ¸ÂÃãÀÇ_)
• correspond to ... (¡¦¿¡¡²°ú¡³ ~´Ù,) ( ~ÇÕÇÏ´Ù)
• it is not to my liking. (-°ÍÀº ³» -Çâ¿¡ ¸ÂÁö -´Â´Ù.)
• the picture is true to life. (ÀÌ ±×—Àº ½Ç¹° ±×´ë·Î´Ù.)
¨ò a) ⦗ºñ±³¡¤´ëÁ¶⦘ ¡¦¿¡ ºñÇØ, ¡¦º¸´Ù
• this is nothing to what you¡¯ve done.
(ÀÌ°ÍÀº ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÇÑ °Í¿¡ ~¸é ¾Æ¹« ~µµ ¾Æ´Ï¿À.)
• my car is inferior ¡²superior¡³ to yours.
(³» -´Â ÀÚ³× –º¸´Ù ¸øÇÏ´Ù¡²³´´Ù¡³.)
• he is second to none in popularity.
(±×´Â ÀÎ-·Î´Â ´©-¿¡°Ôµµ ¸øÁö¾Ê´Ù.)
b) ⦗´ëºñ⦘ ¡¦¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©, ¡¦´ë(Óß); ¸Å(Øß) ¡¦¿¡, ¡¦´ç
• reading is to the mind what food is to the body.
(µ¶-ÀÇ --¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ü°è´Â À½-ÀÇ ~¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ü°è¿Í °°´Ù.)
• two is to four as three is to six. (2:4=3:6)
• the score was nine to five. (µæ-Àº 9´ë -¿´´Ù.)
¨ó ⦗´ëÇâ(Óßú¾)¡¤´ë¸³⦘ ¡¦¿Í ¼·Î ¸¶ÁÖ ´ëÇÏ¿©; ¡¦¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©
• sit face to face (¼·Î ¸¶ÁÖ ´ë–¿© ¾É´Ù)
• be averse to working (ÀÏÇÏ-¸¦ ½È-ÇÏ´Ù)
¨ç ⦗¸í»çÀû ¿ë¹ý⦘ ¡¦ÇÏ´Â °Í, ¡¦Çϱâ. a) ⦗ÁÖ¾î·Î¼⦘
• to steal is a crime. (µµ—Àº ¹ü-ÀÌ´Ù.)
• it is foolish to read such a book.
(±×·± –À» -´Â °ÍÀº ¹Ù- °°Àº ÁþÀÌ´Ù.)
b) ⦗¸ñÀû¾î·Î⦘
• i like to read. (³ª´Â µ¶-(Çϱâ)¸¦ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÑ´Ù.)
• i began to think so. (³ª´Â ±×— »ý°¢Çϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß´Ù.)
c) ⦗º¸¾î·Î¼⦘
• the best way is (for you) to make efforts.
(³×°Ô) ( ÃÖ~ÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀº ³ë~ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.)
¨è ⦗Çü¿ë»çÀû ¿ë¹ý⦘
a) ⦗¾ÕÀÇ ¸í»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ¿©⦘ ¡¦(Çؾß)ÇÒ, ¡¦ÇÏ´Â, ¡¦Çϱâ À§ÇÑ
¡¶°ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î ´ëü ±â´É¡·
• give me something to eat.(=give me something (which) i can eat.)
(¹¹ -À» °Í(À») Á» ÁֽÿÀ)
• he was the first to come. (=he was the first who came.).
(±× --ÀÌ Ã¹ –°·Î ¿Ô´Ù.)
b) ⦗¾ÕÀÇ ¸í»ç¿Í µ¿°Ý ÀûÀ¸·Î⦘ ¡¦ÇÑ´Ù´Â, ¡¦ÇÏ´Â, ¡¦ÇÒ
• a plan to go hiking (ÇÏÀÌÅ· °¥ –ȹ)
• there is no need to be in a hurry. (¼-- ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø´Ù.)
¨é ⦗ºÎ»çÀû ¿ë¹ý⦘ a) ⦗¸ñÀû⦘ ¡¦Çϱâ À§ÇØ, ¡¦Çϵµ·Ï
• we eat to live. (¿ì¸®´Â -±â À§ÇÏ¿© –´Â´Ù.)
• i got up early so ɑs not to be late for the train.
( ¿Â÷ ½Ã-¿¡ ´Ê- ¾Êµµ·Ï ÀÏ- ÀϾ´Ù.)
b) ⦗¿øÀΡ¤ÀÌÀ¯¡¤ÆÇ´ÜÀÇ ±Ù°Å⦘ ¡¦ÇÏ´Ï, ¡¦ÇÏ´Ù´Ï
• i¡¯m glad to see you. (´ç-- ¸¸³ª ºË°Ô µÇ¾î ±â»Þ´Ï´Ù.)
• she must be a fool to say so.
(±×·± -À» ÇÏ´Ù´Ï ±× ¿©-´Â ¹Ù-ÀÓ¿¡ Ʋ¸²¾ø´Ù.)
c) ⦗Á¤µµÀÇ ±âÁØ⦘
• you are not old enough to go to school.
(³Ê´Â ¾Æ- ÇÐ-¿¡ °¥ ³ª-°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.)
• the stone was too heavy for me to lift.
¡¶=the stone was so heavy that i could not lift it.¡·.
(±× –Àº ³Ê- ¹«°Å-¼ ³ª·Î¼´Â µé- ¿Ã¸± ¼ö°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. )
d) ⦗ÀûÀÀ¹üÀ§¸¦ ÇÑÁ¤ÇÏ¿©⦘ ¡¦Çϱ⿡, ¡¦Çϴµ¥
• he is free to go there. (±×´Â ÀÚÀ¯-- ±×-¿¡ °¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.)
• i¡¯m ready to help them. (³ª´Â ±×-À» µµ-ÁÙ »ý°¢ÀÌ´Ù.)
e) ⦗°á°ú⦘ ¡¦ÇÏ°Ô µÇ±â±îÁö; ¡¦ÇØ º¸´Ï
• he grew up to be a great man.
(±×´Â –¶ó¼ -´ëÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.)
• he lived to be eighty. (±×´Â -µç »ì±îÁö »ì¾Ò´Ù.)
f) ⦗µ¶¸³ºÎ»ç±¸⦘ ¡¦Çϸé
• to hear you sing, people might take you for a girl.
(³×°¡ ³ë·¡-- °ÍÀ» µéÀ¸¸é »ç¶÷— ³Ê¸¦ °è--·Î À߸ø ¾ËÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù.)
• to tell the truth, i don¡¯t like it.
(--À» ¸»ÇÏ¸é ³ª´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ --¿¡ ¾È µç´Ù.)
¨ê ⦗±× ¹ÛÀÇ ¿ë¹ý⦘
a) ⦗Àǹ®»ç+to do⦘ ¡¦¾ß ÁÁÀ»Áö¡²ÇÒÁö¡³
• i don¡¯t know what to do. (--°Ô ÇØ¾ß ÁÁ-Áö ¸ð¸£°Ú´Ù.)
b) ⦗¿¬°á»ç·Î¼⦘
• he seems to be ¡²have been¡³ innocent.
(±×´Â –¹éÇÑ¡²°á¹éÇß´ø¡³°Í °°´Ù.)
c) ⦗be+to do·Î⦘
• he is to attend. (±×´Â –¼®ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
d) ⦗++to do·Î⦘
• i promised him to come. (³ª´Â –¿¡°Ô - °ÍÀ» ¾à¼ÓÇß´Ù.)
¡¶comeÀÇ Àǹ̻óÀÇ ÁÖ¾î´Â i, himÀº °£Á¢ ¸ñÀû¾îÀÓ¡·
• i¡¯ll ask him to help me. (³ª´Â ±×¿¡°Ô µµ¿Í--°í ºÎ-ÇÏ°Ú´Ù.)
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