<¿µ¹®Çؼ® ±âº»>(10)
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(10) be.fore /bi.fɔ́:r/[ºñ.¤¾Æ÷^¾î(¾î)¤© ́]
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ɑd. ¨ç ⦗À§Ä¡¡¤¹æÇâ⦘ ¾Õ¿¡, Àü¹æ¿¡; ¾Õ(Àå)¼¡¶ahead¸¦ ¾¸ÀÌ º¸ÅëÀÓ¡·
• there were trees ~ and behind. ¾Õ¿¡µµ µÚ¿¡µµ ³ª¹«°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
• look ~ and after ¾ÕµÚ¸¦ º¸´Ù¡²»ý°¢ÇÏ´Ù¡³ • go ~ ¾Õ(Àå)¼¼ °¡´Ù.
¨è ⦗¶§⦘ (Áö±Ýº¸´Ù, ±× ¶§º¸´Ù) ÀÌÀü¿¡, ±×¶§±îÁö; Á» ´õ ÀÏÂï, ¾Õ¼
• i met ¡²have met¡³ him ~. ±× »ç¶÷Àº ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¸¸³ªº» ÀÏÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
• such a thing never happened ~. Àü¿¡´Â ±×·± ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
• i had not met him ~. ³ª´Â ±×¶§±îÁö ±×¸¦ ¸¸³ ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
¡¶±×¶§°¡ ÃʸéÀ̾ú´Ù¡·
• i had met him five years ~. ³ª´Â ±×¸¦ ±×¶§ºÎÅÍ 5³â Àü¿¡ ¸¸³ ÀÏÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
• you should have told me so ~.
Á» ´õ ÀÏÂï ³ª¿¡°Ô ±×¸® ÀÏ·¯ÁÖ¾ú´õ¶ó¸é ÁÁ¾ÒÀ» °ÍÀ».
¨é (Á¤ÇØÁø ½Ã°¢º¸´Ù) ÀÏÂï, Àü¿¡(earlier)
• begin at five, not ~. 5½Ã Á¤°¢¿¡ ½ÃÀÛÇضó.
• you should have come home ~. ³Í ÀÏÂï ¿Ô¾î¾ß Çß¾î.
prep. ¨ç ⦗À§Ä¡⦘ a) ⦗ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¶æÀÇ⦘ ¡¦ÀÇ ¾Õ¿¡, ÀÇ ¸éÀü¡²¾ÈÀü¡³¿¡(⟨opp.⟩ behind) • ~ the door ¹® ¾Õ¿¡
• stand ~ the king ¿Õ ¾Õ¿¡ ³ª¿À´Ù.
• he stood trembling ~ his master. ±×´Â ÁÖÀÎ ¾Õ¿¡(¼) ¶³¸ç ¼ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
b) ⦗ºñÀ¯ÀûÀ¸·Î⦘ ¡¦(¾Õ)¿¡
• recoil ~ a shock Ãæ°Ý¿¡ ÁÖÃãÇÏ´Ù
• a good idea flashed ~ my mind. ÁÁÀº »ý°¢ÀÌ ÆÛ¶à ¸Ó¸´¼Ó¿¡ ½ºÃÆ´Ù.
c) ⦗½ÉÀÇ¡¤°í·Á µîÀ» À§ÇØ⦘ ¡¦(¾Õ)¿¡
• the problem ~ us ¿ì¸® ¾Õ¿¡ ³õÀÎ ¹®Á¦
• problems ~ the meeting ȸÀÇ¿¡ Á¦±âµÈ ¹®Á¦
• the question is ~ the committee. ±× ¹®Á¦´Â À§¿øȸ¿¡¼ ½ÉÀǵǰí ÀÖ´Ù.
d) ¡¦ÀÇ Àüµµ¡²¾Õ±æ¡³¿¡, ¡¦À» ±â´Ù¸®°í
• his whole life is ~ him. ±×ÀÇ »ý¾Ö´Â ÀÌÁ¦ºÎÅÍ´Ù.
• the summer holidays were ~ the children.
¿©¸§ ¹æÇÐÀÌ ¾î¸°À̵éÀ» ±â´Ù¸®°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
e) ¡¦Èû¡²±â¿î, ±â¼¼¡³¿¡ ´¸®¾î
• bow ~ authority ±Ç·Â(¾Õ)¿¡ ±¼º¹ÇÏ´Ù
¨è ⦗¶§⦘ a) ¡¦º¸´Ù Àü¿¡¡²¸ÕÀú¡³(⟨opp.⟩ ɑfter)
• ~ dark ¾îµÎ¿öÁö±â Àü¿¡
• the day ~ yesterday
• (in) the april ~ last ÀÛ³â 4¿ù¿¡¡¶¡¶¿µ±¹¡·¿¡¼´Â Á¾Á¾ inÀ» ºÙÀÓ¡·
• i haven¡¯t been here ~ now. ÀÌÁ¦²¯ ¿©±â ¿Í º» ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.
• consult your partner before deciding.
°áÁ¤Çϱâ Àü¿¡ ÆÄÆ®³Ê¿Í »óÀÇÇϼ¼¿ä.
b) ¡¶¹Ì±¹¡· (¡¦ºÐ) Àü¿¡(to)
• five (minutes) ~ three ¼¼ ½Ã 5ºÐ Àü(five to three)
¡¶¹Ì±¹¿¡¼´Â ofµµ ¾¸¡·.
¨é ⦗¼øÀ§¡¤¿ì¼±¡¤¼±ÅÃ⦘ ¡¦º¸´Ù ¾Õ¿¡¡²¸ÕÀú¡³, ¡¦¿¡ ¾Õ¼, ¡¦¿¡ ¿ì¼±ÇÏ¿©,
¡¦º¸´Ù ¿ÀÈ÷·Á; ¡¦ÇÏ´À´Ï Â÷¶ó¸®
• be ~ others in class ¹Ý¿¡¼ ¼ö¼®ÀÌ´Ù
• put freedom ~ fame ¸í¼ºº¸´Ù ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ÁßÈ÷ ¿©±â´Ù
• the duke is ~ the earl. °øÀÛÀº ¹éÀÛº¸´Ù À§ÀÌ´Ù
• i would die ~ yielding. ±¼º¹ÇÏ´À´Ï Â÷¶ó¸® Á×À» Å×´Ù.
conj. ¨ç (¾ÆÁ÷) ¡¦Çϱâ Àü¿¡, ¡¦Çϱ⿡ ¾Õ¼
• i got up ~ the sun rose. ³ª´Â Çض߱â Àü¿¡ ÀϾ´Ù.
• i had not gone a mile ~ i felt tired.
(ºÒ°ú) 1 ¸¶Àϵµ ¸ø °¡¼ ³ª´Â ÇÇ°ïÇØÁ³´Ù
• it will not be long ~ we meet again.
¿À·¡Áö ¾Ê¾Æ ¿ì¸®´Â ´Ù½Ã ¸¸³¯ °Å¾ß.
¡¶before°¡ À̲ô´Â ÀýÀÇ µ¿»ç´Â, Àǹ̻óÀÇ ¶§°¡ ¹Ì·¡¶óµµ Çü½ÄÀº ÇöÀ縦 ¾¸¡·.
¨è ⦗would¡¤will°ú ÇÔ²²⦘ ¡¦ÇÏ´À´Ï Â÷¶ó¸®
• i will die ~ i give in. ±¼º¹ÇÏ´À´Ï Â÷¶ó¸® Á×°Ú´Ù, Á׾ Ç׺¹Àº ¾È ÇÑ´Ù.
• i would die ~ i steal. µµµÏÁúÇÏ´À´Ï Â÷¶ó¸® Á×°Ú´Ù.
¨é ⦗Çü¿ë»çÀýÀ» À̲ø¾î⦘ ¡¦Çϱâ ÀüÀÇ
• the year ~ they were married he often sent her flowers.
°áÈ¥Çϱâ ÀüÇØ¿¡ ±×´Â ±×³à¿¡°Ô ÀÚÁÖ ²ÉÀ» º¸³Â´Ù.
¡ØºÎ»ç¡¤ÀüÄ¡»ç¡¤Á¢¼Ó»çÀÇ ¼¼ °¡Áö·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â ÁÖ¿ä ±â´É¾î(ѦÒöåÞ)ÀÇ Çϳª:
we had never met be¡¤fore
¡²be¡¤fore that day, be¡¤fore we were about to graduate¡³. ÀÌÀü(ì¤îñ)¿¡¡²±×³¯±îÁö, Á¹¾÷Çϱâ Á÷Àü±îÁö¡³ ¿ì¸®´Â ¸¸³ªº» ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
¡Ø⟪note⟫
©ç before°¡ ´Üµ¶À¸·Î ¾²ÀÏ ¶§¿¡´Â
¡®Áö±Ýº¸´Ù ÀÌÀü¿¡(before now)¡¯³ª ¡®±×¶§º¸´Ù Àü¿¡(before then)¡¯ÀÇ ¶æÀÌ µÇ¸ç,
ÀüÀÚÀÏ ¶§´Â °ú°Å³ª ÇöÀç¿Ï·á¿¡, ÈÄÀÚÀÏ ¶§´Â °ú°Å¿Ï·á¿¡ ¾¸.
¡Ø©è the day before, five years before
ó·³ ¶§¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¾î±¸¸¦ ¼ö¹ÝÇßÀ» ¶§,
before´Â ¡®±×¶§º¸´Ù ¡¦Àü¿¡¡¯¶õ ¶æÀ¸·Î, º¸Åë °ú°Å¿Ï·á¿¡ ¾¸.
¡Ø©é ago°¡ ÇöÀç·ÎºÎÅÍ ¡®Àü¿¡¡¯¶õ ¶æÀÓ¿¡ ºñÇØ
before´Â °ú°Å ¾î´À ¶§ºÎÅÍ ¡®Àü¿¡¡¯¶õ ¶æÀÓ.
¶Ç, since´Â ago, before ¾çÂÊÀÇ ¶æÀÌ ÀÖÁö¸¸,
¾ÆÁÖ ¿À·£ °ú°Å¿¡´Â ¾µ ¼ö ¾øÀ½: his brother left home two years ɑgo ¡²since¡³.
¡Ø⟪note⟫
before´Â in front of º¸´Ù ¹®¾îÀûÀÓ.
µÚ¿¡ »ç¹°ÀÌ ¿Ã ¶§¿£ in front of°¡ ÀÚÁÖ ¾²ÀÓ: in front of the house.
¶Ç ¼÷¾îÀûÀΠǥÇö¿¡¼´Â before°¡ ¾²ÀÓ: before court ¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼.
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